Agen Pendegradasi Mikroplastik Dari Mikroba Endofit Mangrove Avicennia marina

Abstract

Akumulasi mikroplastik di lingkungan menimbulkan ancaman ekologis dan telah menjadi masalah serius di dunia. Plastik terdistribusikan secara global di lautan dunia tersebar di kolom air, permukaan air, sepanjang garis pantai dan pada sedimen. Salah satu strategi untuk menghadapi pencemaran mikroplastik yaitu mencari agen pendegradasi mikroplastik berupa mikroba. Mikroba yang memiliki aktivitas pendegradasi terhadap polimer biasanya dapat diuji untuk mendegradasi plastik. Sumber alami untuk mendapatkan mikroba potensial yang memiliki aktivitas pendegradasi bisa didapat dari organisme yang memiliki banyak bakteri endosimbion untuk hidup seperti Mangrove. Sehingga perlu kajian mengenai potensi bakteri simbion mangrove dalam mendegradasi plastik. Uji degradasi mikroplastik polyethylene menggunakan mangrove Avicennia marina telah mendapatkan beberapa isolat agen biodegradator mikroplastik yaitu isolat WB-12, PJ-01 dan PJ-02 yang telah diketahui memiliki aktivitas biodegradasi pada mineral salt media polyethylene.

The accumulation of microplastics in the environment poses an ecological threat and has become a serious problem worldwide. Plastics are distributed globally in the world's oceans scattered in the water column, water surfaces, along coastlines and in sediments. One strategy to deal with microplastic pollution is to look for microplastic degrading agents in the form of microbes. Microbes that have polymer-degrading activity can usually be tested for plastic degradation. Natural sources to obtain potential microbes that have degrading activity can be obtained from organisms that have many endosymbiont bacteria to live such as mangroves. So it is necessary to study the potential of mangrove symbiont bacteria in degrading plastic. Polyethylene microplastic degradation test using Avicennia marina mangrove has obtained some of the microplastic biodegradator agents, namely isolate WB-12, PJ-01 and PJ-02 which is known to have biodegradation activity in mineral salt media polyethylene.