Kandungan Pb pada Perna viridis di Muara Sungai Kendal serta Analisis MTI Terhadap Manusia

Abstract

Muara Sungai Kendal terletak di pesisir utara Pulau Jawa yang dikelilingi oleh kegiatan industri dan aktivitas masyarakat yang mengalami pertumbuhan penduduk. Hal tersebut diduga menjadi sumber logam berat Pb diperairan dan mengontaminasi kerang hijau sebagai komoditas setempat. Pengaruh negatif yang dihasilkan Pb pada lingkungan dapat merusak lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan Pb dalam air dan sedimen, faktor konsentrasi dan biokonsentrasi, serta batas aman konsumsi per minggu pada kerang hijau bagi masyarakat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – April 2022. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pemilihan lokasi berdasarkan purposive sampling. Analisa kandungan Pb pada sampel menggunakan metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) dan analisis data yang dilakukan meliputi faktor konsentrasi, faktor biokonsentrasi dan MTI (Maximum Tolerable Intake). Hasil kandungan Pb dalam air berkisar 0,372 –0,572 ppm, pada sedimen berkisar 5,291-16,399 ppm, dan jaringan lunak kerang hijau berkisar 1,31–4,036 ppm. Nilai Bio Concentration Factor (BCF) kerang hijau terhadap air berkisar 3,4–9,24 dan sedimen berkisar 0,14–0,62 dengan kategori kadar rendah, sedangkan Faktor Konsentrasi (FK) berkisar 9,25–39,9 kali. Batas aman konsumsi kerang hijau per minggu untuk rata-rata berat badan laki-laki 60 kg adalah 0,37–1,15 kg per minggu sedangkan rata-rata berat badan perempuan 45 kg adalah 0,28–0,86 kg per minggu setiap individu.

The estuary of the Kendal River is located on the northern coast of Java Island, surrounded by industrial activities and community activities that are experiencing population growth. This is suspected to be a source of heavy metal Pb in the waters and contaminates green mussels as a local commodity. Pb's negative effect on the environment can damage the environment and human health. This study aims to determine the Pb content in water and sediment, concentration and bioconcentration factors, and the community's safe limit for weekly consumption of green mussels. The research was conducted in March – April 2022. The research method was descriptive-analytic, selecting locations based on purposive sampling. Analysis of the Pb content in the sample used the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method, and the data analysis performed included concentration factors, bioconcentration factors, and MTI (Maximum Tolerable Intake). The results of Pb content in water ranged from 0.372 to 0.572 ppm; in sediments, it ranged from 5.291 to 16.399 ppm; and in green mussel meat, it ranged from 1.31 to 4.036 ppm. The Bio Concentration Factor (BCF) value of green mussels to water ranged from 3.4 to 9.24, sediment ranged from 0.14 to 0.62 in the lowgrade category, while the factor concentration (FK) ranged from 9.25 to 39.9 times. The safe limit of green mussel consumption per week for an average male body weight of 60 kg is 0.37–1.15 kg per week, while the average body weight of a female of 45 kg is 0.28–0.86 kg /week/individual