Hemispherical Photography Vegetasi Pantai di Perairan Pulau Sintok, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa

Abstract

Negara kepulauan merupakan negara yang terdiri atas satu atau lebih gugusan pulau, diantara nya adalah pulau - pulau kecil. Pulau kecil terdiri dari komponen lautan dan daratan, komponen daratan terdiri dari pasir, batuan, vegetasi pantai dan lain sebagainya. Keberadaan vegetasi pantai memiliki manfaat dalam merendam gelombang tsunami, mencegah abrasi, erosi serta habitat bagi flora dan fauna untuk berkembangbiak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas pesisir vegetasi pantai berdasarkan struktur komposisi vegetasi pantai dan persentase tutupan kanopi vegetasi pantai di Perairan Pulau Sintok, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa dengan metode Hemispherical Photography. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, data yang dikumpulkan dilakukan dengan mengambil sebagian data dari wilayah penelitian, sehingga diharapkan data mewakili kondisi lingkungan dari objek yang diteliti. Setiap stasiun penelitian dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan. Pengambilan data tutupan kanopi pohon menggunakan kamera HP yang telah diolah menggunakan Software ImageJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ditemukan 6 spesies vegetasi pantai di Perairan Pulau Sintok, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, yaitu Terminalia catappa, Ficus septica, Premna odorata, Scaevola taccada, Wrightia pubescens, dan Casuarina equisetifolia. Spesies Ficus septica mendominasi di lokasi penelitian. Nilai Kerapatan vegetasi pantai berkisar 532–1165 ind/ha. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) dan Keseragaman (J’) vegetasi pantai di lokasi penelitian termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Hasil persentase tutupan kanopi Vegetasi Pantai berkisar 63,01±1,42% – 80,80±1,41%, sehingga termasuk kategori sedang.

An archipelago state is a country consisting of one or more island groups, including them which are small islands. Small islands consist of ocean and land components, land components consist of sand, rocks, coastal vegetation, etc. The existence of coastal vegetation has benefits in reducing tsunami waves, preventing abrasion, erosion and habitat for flora and fauna to reproduce. This study aims to knowing the quality of coastal vegetation based on the structure of coastal vegetation composition and the percentage of coastal vegetation canopy cover in Sintok Island Waters, Karimunjawa National Park using the Hemispherical Photography method. This research was conducted using descriptive methods, the data collected was done by taking some of the data from the research area, so that it is expected that the data will represent the environmental conditions of the object under study. Each research station had three repetitions. Taking the data of tree canopy cover using an HP camera that has been processed using ImageJ Software. The results showed that 6 species of coastal vegetation were found in Sintok Island waters, Karimunjawa National Park, namely Terminalia catappa, Ficus septica, Premna odorata, Scaevola taccada, Wrightia pubescens, and Casuarina equisetifolia. Species of Ficus septica dominate the study site. The value of coastal vegetation density ranges from 532-1165 ind/ha. The value of the Diversity Index (H ') and Uniformity (J') of the coastal vegetation at the research location is in the low category. The results of the percentage of coastal vegetation canopy cover range from 63.01±1.42% - 80.80±1.41%, we can conclude that it is in the medium category.