Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Pada Air, Sedimen, dan Jaringan Lunak Kerang Bambu (Solen sp.) Di Perairan Rembang Jawa Tengah Dan Gresik Jawa Timur

Abstract

Kerang merupakan organisme laut berjenis moluska yang terdiri dari jaringan lunak dan sepasang cangkang yang keras kerang bambu (Solen sp) jenis kerang konsumsi yang tumbuh dan berkembang biak di pesisir perairan yang berjenis substrat pasir hingga lumpur. Keberadaan kerang Bambu (solen sp) salah satu bioindikator pencemaran akibat logam berat di perairan keberadaan pencemaran lingkungan berakibat kegiatan manusia seperti industri, pertanian, akivitas nelayan, dan pariwisata yang diduga sumber logam berat timbal (Pb). Logam berat timbal memiliki sifat toxic. Tujuan dalam penelitian penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan membandingkan kandungan logam berat timbal (Pb) pada air, sedimen dan jaringan lunak di perairan Kabupaten Rembang dan Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling method. Materi yang digunakan penelitian adalah sampel jaringan lunak kerang bambu (solen sp), sedimen, dan Air. Parameter penelitian yang digunakan adalah salinitas, DO, suhu, dan kadar keasaman (pH). Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan kadar logam berat timbal (Pb) di perairan Kabupaten Rembang pada air 0 - 0,176mg/l, sedimen 3.667 – 11.407 mg/kg, dan jaringan lunak 4.755 mg/l. Perairan Kabupaten Gresik didapatkan hasil jaringan lunak 2.034 mg/l, air 0 -  0.325 mg/l, dan sedimen 6.877 – 8.798 mg/kg. kemampuan organisme kerang bambu (solen sp) mengakumulasi logam berat Timbal (Pb) termasuk kategori rendah dengan nilai faktor biokonsentrasi rata – rata < 100.

Shellfish are mollusk-type marine organisms consisting of soft tissue and a pair of hard shells. Razor clams (Solen sp.) are types of consumption shells that grow and multiply on coastal waters that are of sand to mud substrate type. The existence of Razor clams (Solen sp.) is one of the bio-indicators of pollution due to heavy metals in the waters. The existence of environmental pollution results in human activities such as industry, agriculture, fishing activities, and tourism which are suspected sources of lea-heavy metals). Lead metal has toxic properties. The purpose of this research is to find out and compare the lead content of heavy metals timbale in water, sediment, and soft tissue in the waters of Rembang Regency and Gresik Regency. This research is descriptive in nature with sampling using a purposive sampling method. The material used in this research is a sample of soft tissue Razor clams (Solen sp.), sediments, and water. The research parameters used were salinity, DO, temperature, and acidity (pH). The results of this study found levels of heavy metal lead timbale in the waters of Rembang Regency in water 0 - 0.176mg / l, sediment 3.667 - 11407 mg /kg, and soft tissue 4.755 mg / l. The waters of Gresik Regency obtained 2,034 mg / l soft tissue results, 0 - 0,325 mg / l water, and 6,877 - 8,798 mg / kg sediments. Bamboo shellfish ability  to accumulate heavy metals from timbale is on low category with an average bio-concentration factor value <100.