Studi Struktur Komunitas Padang Lamun Di Pulau Parang, Kepulauan Karimunjawa

Abstract

Struktur komunitas lamun merupakan suatu konsep yang harus diketahui untuk mengetahui kondisi ekosistem perairan tersebut. Padang lamun memiliki peran penting dalam kehidupan yang ada dibawah laut dangkal, sehingga ekosistem padang lamun perlu untuk dijaga kelestariannya agar keberlangsungan produktivitas di ekosistem tersebut tetap seimbang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung dan menganalisis komposisi jenis, kerapatan serta persen tutupan lamun, mengetahui indeks ekologi lamun seperti keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominansi dan mengetahui indeks nilai penting lamun di Pulau Parang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2017. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif, terdapat 2 lokasi (A dan B) dengan 3 stasiun disetiap lokasinya. Penentuan lokasi dengan metode purposive random sampling. Pada saat penelitian, setiap stasiun menggunakan transek kuadran ukuran 1 x 1 m pada hamparan lamun. Transek ini dibagi menjadi 16 buah kisi ukuran 25 cm². Jumlah tegakan diamati langsung secara visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 4 jenis lamun, yaitu Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Cymodocea rotundata dan Thalassia hemprichii. Kisaran kerapatan lamun yang ditemukan 5–219 tegakan/m². Rata–rata persen tutupan lamun menunjukkan nilai 17,61% (Lokasi A) dan 19,24% (Lokasi B). Indeks Nilai Penting menunjukkan Cymodocea rotundata berperan penting dalam kondisi ekosistem perairan di lokasi A dan B . Indeks ekologi lamun menunjukkan bahwa nilai keanekaragaman tergolong sedang di Lokasi A dan rendah di Lokasi B, sedangkan nilai keseragaman tergolong tinggi di Lokasi A dan sedang di Lokasi B dan nilai dominansi tergolong sedang di Lokasi A dan tinggi di Lokasi B.

The seagrass community structure is the concept that must be known to determine the condition of the aquatic ecosystem. Due to the fact thar seagrass beds have an important role in life under the shallow sea, the seagrass ecosystem needs to be preserved so that the sustainability of productivity in the ecosystem remains balanced. The purpose of this study was to calculate and analyze the species composition, density and the precentage of seagrass cover, to know the index of seagrass ecology such as diversity, uniformity, dominance and to know the important value index of seagrass in Parang Island. The study was conducted from August to September 2017. The research method used a descriptive method, there were 2 locations (A and B) with 3 stations in each location. The determination of location was done by doing a purposive random sampling method. During the research, each station used a 1 x 1 m quadrant transect on a seagrass bed. This transect was divided into 16 lattice sizes of 25 cm². The number of stands was observed visually. The results of this research showed that there were 4 types of seagrass, such as Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Cymodocea rotundata and Thalassia hemprichii. The seagrass density that found was 5–219 stands / m². The percentage of seagrass cover showed a value of 17.61% (Location A) and 19.24% (Location B). Important Value Index showed that Cymodocea rotundata plays an important role in the condition of aquatic ecosystems in locations A and B. The seagrass ecology index showed that the diversity value is classified as medium in Location A and low in Location B. Uniformity values are high in Location A and medium in Location B and dominance values are medium in Location A and high in Location B.