PENGARUH PADAT TEBAR TINGGI TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP, KONSUMSI PAKAN DAN EFISIENSI PAKAN SERTA PERTUMBUHAN JUVENIL LOBSTER AIR TAWAR (Cherax sp.)

Abstract

Lobster air tawar (Cherax sp.) merupakan salah satu jenis lobster yang telah dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Padat penebaran merupakan salah satu faktor kunci untuk mencapai produksi yang optimal, terkait dengan budidaya intensif untuk memperoleh produksi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh padat tebar terhadap kelangsungan hidup, konsumsi pakan dan efisiensi pakan serta pertumbuhan lobster air tawar stadia juvenil (Cherax sp.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober – Desember 2013 di Laboratorium Basah Budidaya Perairan, Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah Lobster Air Tawar (Cherax sp.) umur 40 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 kali ulangan yaitu perlakuan A (padat penebaran 200 ekor/m²), B (padat penebaran 250 ekor/m²), C (padat penebaran 300 ekor/m²), D (padat penebaran 350 ekor/m²). Variabel yang diukur adalah glukosa darah, tingkat konsumsi pakan, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan, kelulushidupan dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh (P<0,05) padat penebaran terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan lobster air tawar. Perlakuan A (padat penebaran 200 ekor/m²)memiliki hasil tertinggi pada efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan yaitu 64,50±1,23%, pertumbuhan yaitu 1,81±0,02% dan kelulushidupan yaitu 90,28±2,41%. Sedangkan pada perlakuan D (padat penebaran 350 ekor/m²) memiliki hasil terendah yaitu efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan 41,80±0,56%, pertumbuhan 1,02±0,00% dan kelulushidupan 65,87±1,37%. Padat tebar yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan lobster air tawar stadia juvenil adalah 200 ekor/m².

Freshwater crayfish (Cherax sp.) is one type of  lobsters that has been cultivated in Indonesia. One obstacle is the lobster stocking density. Stocking density is one of the key factors to achieve optimal growth, it is associated with intensive cultivation to obtain high production. This study aimed to assess the effect of stocking density on survival rate, consumption and efficiency of feed utilization and growth rate of juvenile stadia freshwater crayfish (Cherax sp.). The research was implemented in October-December 2013 in the Wet Laboratory of Aquaculture, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University. Semarang. Cultivan used in this research is Freshwater Lobster (Cherax sp.) aged 40 days. Using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications that treatment A (200 ekor/m² stocking density), B (250 lobsters/m² stocking density), C (300 lobsters/m² stocking density), D (300 lobsters/m² stocking density). The variables measured were blood glucose, the level of feed intake, feed utilization efficiency, growth, survival and quality of water. The results showed there was effect (P<0.05) stocking density against survival rate, feed utilization efficiency and growth rate juvenil Freshwater Lobster (Cherax sp.). Treatment A (stocking density 200 lobsters/m²) had the highest result on the efficiency of feed utilization is 64.50±1.23% , the growth rate of which is 1.81 ± 0.02 % and the survival rate is 90.28±2.41% . While on treatment D (stocking density 350 lobsters/m²) had the lowest result efficiency of feed utilization is 41.80±0.56%, 1.02±0.00% growth and survival 65.87±1.37%. The best stocking density for growth and survival of juvenile freshwater crayfish is 250 lobsters/m2.