ANALISIS POSTUR KERJA PROSES CARGO HANDLING BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL JENDERAL AHMAD YANI MENGGUNAKAN METODE RAPID ENTIRE BODY ASSESSMENT DAN QUICK EXPOSURES CHECK (STUDI KASUS: PT ANGKASA PURA 1)

Abstract

Abstrak

Peningkatan volume kargo yang ditangani oleh Terminal Kargo Bandar Udara Internasional Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang menimbulkan masalah ergonomi, khususnya pada postur kerja porter yang melakukan penanganan material secara manual. Kondisi ini diperparah oleh infrastruktur yang tidak mengikuti pertumbuhan volume kargo, menyebabkan beban kerja berlebihan dan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) seperti nyeri punggung, leher, dan bahu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis postur kerja para porter menggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) dan Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC), serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa postur kerja di area Breakdown dan Penimbangan, Pemindahan ke Palet, dan Build Up memiliki skor REBA rata rata antara 8,00 hingga 8,67, yang tergolong berisiko tinggi. Sementara itu, postur kerja di area Penyimpanan memiliki skor REBA 6,00, yang termasuk dalam kategori risiko sedang. Sebagai solusi, penelitian ini mengusulkan perbaikan postur kerja, penyesuaian ketinggian meja X-Ray, penggunaan electric hand pallet, serta perancangan alat bantu berbasis prinsip karakuri dengan roller conveyor dan penggunaan back support belt. Rekomendasi ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko cedera dan meningkatkan efisiensi serta kenyamanan kerja para porter.

Kata kunci: cargo handling; ergonomi; QEC; REBA; musculoskeletal disorders; postur kerja

Abstract

[Work Posture Analysis of Cargo Handling Process at Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport using Rapid Entire Body Assessment Method and Quick Exposures Check (Case Study: PT Angkasa Pura 1)] The increasing volume of cargo handled by the Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport Cargo Terminal raises ergonomic issues, especially in the working posture of porters who perform manual material handling. This condition is exacerbated by infrastructure that does not keep up with the growth in cargo volume, causing excessive workload and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) complaints such as back, neck, and shoulder pain. This study aims to analyze the working posture of porters using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC) methods, and provide recommendations for improvement. The results of the analysis show that the work postures in the Breakdown and Weighing, Transfer to Pallets, and Build Up areas have an average REBA score between 8.00 to 8.67, which is classified as high risk. Meanwhile, the work posture in the Storage area has an REBA score of 6.00, which falls into the medium risk category. As a solution, this study proposes improving work postures, adjusting the height of the X-Ray table, using electric hand pallets, and designing assistive devices based on the karakuri principle with roller conveyors and the use of back support belts. These recommendations are expected to reduce the risk of injury and improve the efficiency and comfort of the porter's work.

Keywords: cargo handling; ergonomics; QEC; REBA; musculoskeletal disorders; work posture