DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2021.31281

DISTRES PSIKOLOGIS PADA TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI BERBADAN HUKUM

Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 25 Jun 2021; Published: 25 Jun 2021.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi distres psikologis sebagai risiko masalah kesehatan mental di antara tenaga kependidikan perguruan tinggi negeri berbadan hukum. Sejumlah 178 tenaga kependidikan dari Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Berbadan Hukum ‘X’ (Laki-laki=41,6%) terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Distres psikologis diukur menggunakan General Health Questionnaire-12 (Cronbach α = 0,857), yang memuat dimensi disfungsi sosial, kecemasan dan depresi, dan kehilangan kepercayaan diri. Statistik deskriptif dan uji beda nonparametrik dilakukan dalam analisis data. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 26,4% subjek berisiko memiliki masalah kesehatan mental umum (cut-off score 10/11). Baik jenis kelamin maupun bidang keilmuan tidak membedakan level distres psikologis secara general maupun menurut dimensinya. Mayoritas manifestasi distres psikologis ditemukan pada dimensi disfungsi sosial, sedangkan terendah pada dimensi kehilangan kepercayaan diri. Hal tersebut didukung perbedaan mean skor antar dimensi yang signifikan, secara berturut dari yang tertinggi adalah disfungsi sosial, kecemasan dan depresi, dan kehilangan kepercayaan diri. Self-serving bias diduga berperan sebagai strategi penanggulangan dari ancaman terhadap diri sehingga meningkatkan penghargaan terhadap diri. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan perlunya menyediakan program kesehatan mental bagi tenaga kependidikan perguruan tinggi.

 

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Keywords: karyawan perguruan tinggi; tingkat distres; GHQ-12; perawatan kesehatan mental

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