DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2023.28512

FISIBILITAS ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY (ACT) DALAM SETTING KELOMPOK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF-EFFICACY PADA MAHASISWA DENGAN KECEMASAN SOSIAL

Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

Received: 24 Aug 2020; Published: 21 Jun 2023.

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Abstract

Kecemasan sosial merupakan salah satu gangguan yang dapat mempengaruhi performa akademik mahasiswa. Beberapa teori dan penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa self-efficacy merupakan mediator yang dapat membantu efektivitas suatu treatment. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) merupakan intervensi berbasis mindfulness dan acceptance dengan tujuan untuk pengembangan, perbaikan, atau sebagai alternatif teoritis yang lebih kuat dalam intervensi berbasis kognitif. Diharapkan melalui ACT dapat membantu mahasiswa untuk menghadapi pengalaman negatifnya melalui peningkatan fleksibilitas psikologis. Penelitian ini melakukan replika pada modul Mindfulness and Acceptance based Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A treatment Manual Second Edition dari Fleming & Kocovski (2014). ACT dilakukan dalam kelompok yang terdiri dari 4 sesi dengan jeda 1 minggu antar sesi. Sampel dikumpulkan dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengukuran efektivitas intervensi dilakukan menggunakan Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSAS), dan Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II). Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan kecemasan sosial serta kenaikan self-efficacy. Kohesivitas dalam kelompok membantu partisipan untuk lebih terbuka dan berdampak positif. Peneliti menduga terdapat faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kecemasan sosial. Ketiadaan peningkatan self-efficacy menunjukkan bahwa ACT dapat digunakan pada populasi yang lebih
luas lagi meskipun riset mengenai hal ini masih diperlukan.

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Keywords: ACT; Indonesia; self-efficacy; kecemasan sosial; mahasiswa

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