PENDETEKSIAN KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN MELALUI FAKTOR RISIKO TEKANAN DAN PELUANG (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan yang Mendapat Sanksi dari Bapepam Periode 2002-2006)

Abstract

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effectiveness of the fraud triangle is
pressure, opportunity, and rationalization in detecting financial statements fraud. Based on the
theory of fraud triangle Cressey adopted in SAS 99, the researchers developed a variable that can
be used to proxy the size of the components of the pressure and opportunity. The variables of the
fraud triangle used is pressure consisting of financial stability are proxied by asset growth
(AGROW), external pressure are proxied by leverage (LEV), managerial ownership are proxied by
the presence or absence of share ownership by insiders (OSHIP), and financial targets are proxied
by the return on assets (ROA), and opportunity consisting of effective monitoring proxied by the
proportion of independent commissioners (IND). Data on indications of financial statements fraud
in this study obtained from the annual report and press releases Bapepam during 2002 - 2006 as
the dependent variable. Total sample was 62 companies, consisting of 31 companies who violated
Bapepam contain elements of fraud as well as sanctions, and 31 companies that are not financial
statements fraud (based on the type of industry and the total assets of the same). Testing the
hypothesis used the logistic regression method. The results of this study indicated that financial
stability are proxied by asset growth and financial targets proxied by ROA significantly related to
the possibility of financial statements fraud. While external pressure, managerial ownership, and
ineffective monitoring did not significantly influence the likelihood of financial statements fraud,
and the size of the company can not be used as control variables in this study.