PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN DENGAN LEVEL PROTEIN BERBEDA TERHADAP KUALITAS KARKAS HASIL PERSILANGAN AYAM BANGKOK DAN AYAM ARAB

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan dengan level protein berbeda terhadap kualitas karkas ayam hasil persilangan ayam bangkok dan ayam arab. Materi yang digunakan adalah 147 ekor ayam hasil persilangan ayam Bangkok dan ayam Arab unsex umur 1 hari dengan rata-rata bobot badan awal 34,7 ± 0,84 g, kandang baterai untuk tempat ayam, tempat pakan dan tempat minum. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri 3 perlakuan level protein dan 7 ulangan, T1: starter 22% finisher 20%, T2: starter 19% finisher 17%, T3: starter 16% finisher 14% dengan energi metabolis starter 2800 kkal/kg dan finisher 2700 kkal/kg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata bobot hidup T1, T2 dan T3 berturut-turut adalah 1339,86 g, 1121,29 g, dan 894,14 g. Rata-rata bobot karkas T1, T2 dan T3 adalah 903,29 g, 694,14 g, dan 538,71 g. Rata-rata perbandingan daging tulang T1, T2 dan T3 adalah 2,64, 2,41, dan 2,35. Rata-rata kadar protein daging T1, T2 dan T3 adalah 21,37%, 21,15%, dan 20,89%. Rata-rata kadar lemak daging T1, T2 dan T3 adalah 2,10%, 2,65%, dan 2,34%. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan level protein berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap bobot hidup, bobot karkas. Pemberian pakan dengan level protein berbeda tidak memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda (P>0,05) terhadap kadar protein daging dan kadar lemak daging. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah kualitas karkas ayam hasil persilangan ayam bangkok dan ayam arab yang baik diperoleh dari level protein 22% starter dan 20% finisher.

Kata Kunci : ayam persilangan, level protein, kualitas karkas

ABSTRACT

This research was aimed to determined the effect of feeding with different protein levels on the carcass quality of crossbred of Bangkok and Arabic chicken. The material used 147 chickens from crosses Bangkok chicken and Arabic chicken (unsex) 1 day age with an average initial body weight of 34.7 ± 0.84 g, battery cages for chicken place, with feeding and watering. Experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) causist of 3 treatment protein levels and 7 replications, T1: 22% on starter and 20% on finisher, T2: 19% on starter and 17% on finisher, T3: 16% on starter and 14% on finisher with energy metabolic for starter was 2800 kcal/kg and finisher was 2700 kcal/kg. The results showed that the average live weight of T1, T2 and T3 was 1339,86 g, 1121,29 g, and 894,14 g. The average carcass weight of T1, T2 and T3 was 903,29 g, 694,14 g and 538,71 g. The average ratio of flesh bones on T1, T2 and T3 was 2,64, 2,41, and 2,35. The average protein content of meat on T1, T2 and T3 was 21,37%, 21,15%, and 20,89%. The average fat content of meat on T1, T2 and T3 was 2,10%, 2,65%, and 2,34%. The results of the analysis indicate that the range of feeding with different of protein levels was significant (P<0,05) on live weight, carcass weights. Feeding with different of protein levels did not impact different (P>0,05) on levels of meat protein and fat content of meat. Conclusion this research showed that quality of crossbred of Bangkok and Arabic chicken was good with the level of 22% protein on starter and 20% on finisher.

Keywords : crossbred, protein level, carcass quality