PERTUMBUHAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata) DAN KADAR FOSFOR JERAMI DENGAN PEMUPUKAN ORGANIK DAN UREA (The Growth of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata) and phosporus concentration of stover with urea and organic fertilization)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

   Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik dan urea terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar fosfor jerami jagung manis. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus – Desember 2013 di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian Universitas Diponegoro. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah benih jagung manis, kompos, pupuk kandang, arang dan urea (46% N) serta KCl dan TSP sebagai pupuk dasar. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Monofaktor 9 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, sehingga terdapat 27 petak masing-masing dengan ukuran 1,6 x 1,2 m (1,92 m²). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, produksi bahan kering dan kadar fosfor jerami jagung manis. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam, apabila perlakuan berpengaruh nyata, dilanjutkan dengan uji kontras. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, produksi bahan kering dan kadar fosfor jerami nyata lebih tinggi dibanding tanpa pupuk. Pemberian pupuk organik + urea menghasilkan tinggi tanaman dan produksi bahan kering nyata lebih tinggi dibanding pupuk organik. Pemupukan kompos + arang menghasilkan kadar fosfor jerami jagung manis nyata lebih tinggi dibanding pupuk kandang + arang.

Kata kunci : pertumbuhan; kualitas; pupuk; Zea mays saccharata.

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to examine the effect of organic and urea fertilizer on the growth and phosphorus concentration of sweet corn stover. The field experiment was conducted in August – December 2013 in Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences laboratory Diponegoro University. Material used in this study was sweet corn seed, compost, manure, charcoal and urea (46% N) also KCl and TSP as basic fertilizer. The experimental design used was Monofaktor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 9 treatments with 3 replicates, so there are 27 plots with the size of each is 1.6 x 1.2 m (1.92 m²). The parameters observed were plant height, dry matter yield, and phosphorus concentration of sweet corn stover. Research data processed by analysis of variance, if the treatment has significant effect, then followed by contrast test. The result showed that fertilizer application deliver significant effect on height plant, dry matter yield, and phosporus concentration compared to without fertilizer. Organic fertilizer plus urea deliver higher significant effect on height plant and dry matter yield compared to organic fertilizer. Compost plus charcoal deliver higher significant effect on phosporus concentration of sweet corn stover compared to manure plus charcoal.

Keywords: growth; phosporus concentration; fertilizers; Zea mays saccharata