KAJIAN KUALITAS SUSU SEGAR DARI TINGKAT PETERNAK SAPI PERAH, TEMPAT PENGUMPULAN SUSU DAN KOPERASI UNIT DESA JATINOM DI KABUPATEN KLATEN (Quality of Raw Milk From Dairy Farm, Milk Collection Center and Dairy Cooperative Jatinom Kabupaten Klaten)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini membandingkan tingkat kontaminasi bakteri pada susu segar yang dianalisis dengan uji reduktase, uji alkohol, kadar asam, dan standard plate count (SPC). Susu segar didapatkan dari lokasi peternakan, tempat pengumpulan susu (TPS) dan Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD). Hasil dari seluruh sampel susu yang didapat jumlah bakteri dalam susu melebihi SNI  3141.1: 2011. Sampel susu milik KUD adalah yang paling tinggi ( P < 0,05) diantara sampel susu yang lain dan tidak terdapat perbedaan antara jumlah bakteri antara peternak dan TPS. Meskipun jumlah bakteri melebihi standar SNI, rata – rata waktu reduktase diatas 8 jam, yang diindikasikan bahwa susu tersebut dalam kualitas yang baik. Jumlah bakteri akan meningkat ketika dibawa dari peternakan sampai ke KUD. Meskipun beberapa sampel terdapat hasil positif dalam uji alkohol, kadar asam dalam semua sampel masih dalam standar SNI. Kesimpulannya adalah peternak dan pemerintah harus memperhatikan higiene pemerahan, penanganan dan perlunya rantai dingin untuk memperlambat pertumbuhan bakteri.

Kata kunci: jumlah bakteri; kontaminasi; susu segar; kualitas

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted to determine the level of bacterial contamination in raw milk as analyzed by the reductation test, alcohol test, total acid and standard plate count. The raw milk samples were collected from dairy farm, milk collection centre (MCC) and dairy cooperative. Results indicated that the bacterial count in all of milk samples were higher than SNI 3141.1:2001 standard. The dairy cooperative milk sample had the highest (P<0.05) bacterial count among the samples and there is no different (P>0.05) in the bacterial count between the dairy farm and MCC . Although the bacterial counts were above the SNI standard, however, the average of reductation time were above 8 hours, indicating good quality of raw milk. The number of bacteria increase when the shipping time from farm to dairy cooperative increased. Although some of the samples were positive in the alcohol test, the acid concentrations in all samples were in the range of SNI standard. In conclution, farmers and government should pay attention to milking hygiene, handling and cold chain to prevent the bacterial contamination in raw milk.

Keywords: bacterial count; contamination; raw milk; quality