PROSES COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM KEBIJAKAN PERLINDUNGAN PEREMPUAN DARI TINDAK KEKERASAN DI KOTA SEMARANG

Abstract

Violence against women is a global issue that continues to increase and is considered a serious violation of human rights. In Indonesia, the number of cases has risen despite the existence of various legal frameworks. Semarang City, as the region with the highest number of cases in Central Java, faces an urgent situation of gender-based violence. In response, the local government prioritized women’s protection in its 2021–2026 development plan through Regional Regulation No. 7/2023 and the establishment of UPTD PPA, PPTK, and JPPA in all urban villages. Nevertheless, policy implementation still encounters challenges such as weak coordination, limited resources, and suboptimal community participation. This study aims to analyze the process of Collaborative governance in women’s protection policies in Semarang City and identify the inhibiting factors. A descriptive qualitative approach was applied, employing in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies involving government agencies, NGOs, victim advocates, academics, media, and community actors. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, with triangulation of sources and methods to ensure validity. The findings reveal that the collaborative process has been carried out through face-to-face dialogue, trust-building, strong commitment, and shared understanding. Early achievements (small wins) include the establishment of 177 JPPA posts, ISO 9001 certification for UPTD PPA, and increasing public awareness in reporting cases. However, challenges remain in institutional design that is not yet fully solid, leadership that tends to be top-down, limited human and financial resources, and unequal access to information. In conclusion, Collaborative governance in Semarang City is relatively effective in bringing together diverse actors and producing tangible outcomes, but it requires further strengthening through more operational regulations, data transparency, equitable participation, and sustainable resource support