Microplastic Literacy and Tri Hita Karana in Bali Coastal Pollution Management

Abstract

Marine plastic pollution remains a serious concern for Bali’s coastal ecosystems, tourism economy, and cultural relationship with the sea. Although public awareness has increased through beach clean-ups and restrictions on single-use plastics, plastic waste continues to reach coastal waters through rivers, tourism activities, and inadequate waste-management systems. This study examines public perceptions of marine pollution, microplastic literacy, and the role of the Balinese philosophy of Tri Hita Karana in supporting coastal pollution management at Padang Padang Beach, Bali. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field notes, and photographic documentation involving 15 participants, including visitors, local residents, and students. The data were analyzed thematically by identifying recurring responses and organizing them into key themes. The findings show that 12 participants expressed sadness or disappointment about polluted water, 10 identified river-borne waste as a major source of pollution, 13 viewed pollution control as a shared responsibility, and only 6 demonstrated basic knowledge of microplastics. These findings reveal a gap between environmental concern and consistent environmental practice. The study argues that coastal pollution management in Bali requires integrated efforts that combine microplastic education, Tri Hita Karana-based environmental responsibility, improved waste infrastructure, and consistent policy enforcement.