Analisis Tingkat Pencemaran Bahan Organik di Perairan Muara Sungai Luk Ulo Kabupaten Kebumen

Abstract

Perairan Muara Sungai Luk Ulo, Kebumen merupakan aliran sungai yang berdekatan dengan pemukiman, budidaya tambak udang, dan lahan pertanian sehingga berpotensi meningkatkan kandungan bahan organik di perairan. Hal tersebut diduga dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air muara Sungai Luk Ulo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pencemaran bahan organik berdasarkan parameter temperatur, pH, DO, TSS, BOD, COD, ammoniak, nitrat, dan fosfat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2024 di perairan Sungai Luk Ulo, Kabupaten Kebumen, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan sampel mempergunakan metode purposive sampling. Kualitas air yang diuji secara in situ meliputi temperatur, salinitas, pH, dan DO, sedangkan pengukuran ex situ meliputi TSS, BOD, COD, ammoniak, nitrat, dan fosfat yang dianalisis di Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan dan Kalibrasi, Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa parameter, yaitu TSS, COD, dan fosfat telah melampaui baku mutu perairan. Hasil analisis Indeks Pencemaran (IP) diperoleh angka sebesar 10,64 (minggu I) dan 1,75 (minggu II). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perairan muara Sungai Luk Ulo telah mengalami pencemaran bahan organik pada taraf ringan - berat.

Luk Ulo waters of estuary river, Kebumen is a stream of rivers that is close to settlements, cultivation of shrimp, and agricultural land so as to potentially increase the content of organic material in the waters. It is believed to cause a decrease in the water quality of the Luk Ulo River. The research aims to determine the level of pollution of organic materials based on temperature, pH, DO, TSS, BOD, COD, ammonia, nitrates, and phosphate parameters. The research was carried out in March 2024 in the waters of the Luk Ulo River, Kebumen Regency, Central of Java. The method used in this research was a survei method and purposive sampling technique. The quality of water tested in situ included temperature, salinity, pH, and DO, while ex situ measurements included TSS, BOD, COD, ammonia, nitrates, and phosphate analysed at the Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan dan Kalibrasi, Yogyakarta.  The results show that some parameters, such as TSS, COD, and phosphate, have exceeded water quality standards. Pollution Index (IP) analysis resulted in 10.64 (week I) and 1.75 (week II). Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the waters of the Luk Ulo River have experienced pollution of organic material at the level of lightly polluted to heavily polluted.