Kandungan Nutrisi Selama Pengolahan Haliotis asinina Linnaeus, 1758 (Gastropoda:Haliotidae)

Abstract

Kerang Abalone termasuk dalam Famili Haliotidae juga dikenal dengan sebutan kerang mata tujuh, mempunyai kandungan nutrisi yang cukup tinggi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi selama pengolahan abalon (H.asinina) kering. Kerang Abalon yang digunakan yaitu abalon berukuran 7 cm yang diperoleh dari Pulau Saponda Kabupaten Konawe, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara.  Rangkaian pengolahan abalon kering dimulai dari pembersihan abalon segar dengan memisahkan cangkang dari dagingnya, penggaraman selama  ±12 jam, pengukusan selama ± 30 menit hingga pengeringan oven selama  ±2-3 hari.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  berat daging  abalon segar yang dapat dikonsumsi seberat 4.586,00 g atau sebesar 45,86% dan  yang tidak dapat dikonsumsi seberat 5414,12 g atau sekitar 54,14% berupa cangkang 7,88% dan organ visera 46,25%. Kandungan air yang terus mengalami penurunan mulai dari abalon segar, setelah penggaraman, setelah pengukusan hingga kering masing-masing 83,9%; 76,14%; 71,90% dan 28,47%, diikuti oleh kadar lemak masing-masing 7,86%; 2,87%; 2,12% dan 1,71%. Sementara, proporsi kandungan protein terus mengalami peningkatan masing-masing 11,22%; 16,90%; 20,65% dan 42,38%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kandungan nutrisi Abalon semakin meningkat setelah melalui proses pengolahan.  

Abalone shells are included in Haliotidae family, also known as seven eye shells, have a fairly high nutritional content. This study aims to determine the nutritional content during the processing of dried abalone (H. asinina). The abalone shells used were abalone measuring 7 cm which was obtained from Saponda Island, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The series of dried abalone processing starts from cleaning fresh abalone by separating the shell from the meat, salting for ± 12 hours, steaming for ± 30 minutes to oven drying for ± 2-3 days. The results showed that the weight of fresh abalone meat that could be consumed was 4.586,00 g or 45.86% and the uneaten weight was 5414.12 g or about 54.14% in the form of shell 7.88% and visceral organs 46.25. %. The water content which continued to decrease starting from fresh abalone, after salting, after steaming to drying was 83.9% respectively; 76.14%; 71.90% and 28.47%, followed by fat content of 7.86%, respectively; 2.87%; 2.12% and 1.71%. Meanwhile, the proportion of protein content continued to increase by 11.22% respectively; 16.90%; 20.65% and 42.38%. Based on the results of the study, the nutritional content of abalone increased after going through the processing process.