ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS PADA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH “KARUNIA” KEDIRI (Profitability Analysis of “Karunia”Dairy Farm Kediri)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan dan profitabilitas yang dicapai oleh peternakan sapi perah “Karunia” dan mengetahui pengaruh faktor – faktor biaya pakan, jumlah produksi susu dan persentase jumlah ternak laktasi terhadap nilai profitabilitas.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – April 2012 di Peternakan sapi perah “Karunia” Kediri.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus.Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap responden dan recording.Data diperoleh secara time series selama 36 bulan terakhir mengenai aspek teknis dan keuangan yang meliputi data biaya produksi, data penerimaan, data pendapatan, data jumlah produksi susu dan data jumlah ternak laktasi.Data sekunder diperoleh dari data yang ada di peternakan tersebut.Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis rumus pendapatan, rasio profitabilitas, one sample t-test, analisis regresi linier berganda.Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan persamaan regresi linier berganda diperoleh persamaan Y = 54,794 – 0,492 X₁ – 0,382 X₂ – 0,062 X₃. Koefisien determinasi (R²) diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,571 artinya 57,1% variasi nilai profitabilitas (Y) dapat dijelaskan oleh variasi yang terdapat pada biaya pakan (X₁), jumlah produksi susu (X₂) dan persentase jumlah ternak laktasi (X₃), sedangkan 42,9% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model persamaan.Kesimpulan hasil penelitian adalah pendapatan bersih peternakan sapi perah “Karunia” rata – rata per bulan sebesar Rp. 7.226.475,26,- dengan jumlah sapi laktasi rata – rata 63 ekor. Biaya yang dikeluarkan per bulan sebesar Rp. 68.236.700,50,-. Profitabilitas yang dicapai sebesar 10,78%, perusahaan dikatakan profitable karena nilai profitabilitas lebih besar dari suku bunga bank sebesar 4,35%. Uji f secara serempak biaya pakan (X₁), jumlah produksi susu (X₂) dan persentase jumlah ternak laktasi (X₃) berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap profitabilias (Y). Uji t secara parsial biaya pakan (X₁) berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap profitabilitas (Y), dan jumlah produksi susu (X₂) berpengaruh nyata terhadap profitabilitas (Y), sedangkan persentase jumlah ternak laktasi (X₃) secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas (Y).

Kata kunci : Profitabilitas, peternakan sapi perah, produksi susu.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to know the magnitude of the revenue and profitability was achieved by a “Karunia” dairy farm and knowing influence factor, factor cost of feed, the production of milk and the percentage of the cattle of lactation against value profitability. Research was held in March – April 2012 in “Karunia” dairy farm Kediri. The methods used in this research is the case study method. Primary Data obtained through interviews with the respondents and recording. Data obtained for time series for 36 months on technical aspects and financial data covering production costs, data reception, income data, the amount of data the data the amount of milk production and livestock lactation. Secondary data retrieved from the data contained in these farms. Data analysis used analysis formulas use income, profitability ratios, one sample t-test, multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the calculation of linear regression equations obtained multiple equations Y = 54,794 – 0,492 X₁ – 0,382 X₂ – 0,062 X₃.A coefficient of determination ( r2 ) obtained value of 0,571 it means 57.1 % variation value profitability ( y ) can be explained by the variations contained in in the cost of feed ( x1 ), the production of milk ( x2 ) and the percentage of the cattle of lactation ( x3 ), while 42,9 % described by another variable that is not incorporated in model the equation. Conclusions of research results is a Karuniadairy farm net incomeaverages per month is Rp. 7.226.475,26,- with the number of 63 averagecows lactation flat tail. Total cost per month of Rp. 68.236.700,-.50. Profitability achieved by the company said 10,78% profitable because the value of profitability is greater than the interest rate a bank of 4.35%. F test simultaneously feed costs (X 1), the amount of milk production (X 2) and a percentage of the number of livestock lactation (X 3) effect very real to profitabilias (Y). T-test for the partial cost of feed (X 1) effect very real to profitability (Y), and the amount of milk production (X 2) influential real to profitability (Y), while the percentage of cattle lactation (X 3) partially has no effect on profitability (Y).

Key word : profitability, dairy farm, milk production