ANALISIS KOMPARASI PENDAPATAN USAHA DAN PROFITABILITAS PETERNAKAN AYAM BROILER POLA KEMITRAAN PADA BERBAGAI PERUSAHAAN INTI DI KECAMATAN GUNUNGPATI KOTA SEMARANG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Perbedaan harga kontrak setiap perusahaan inti diduga mempengaruhi pendapatan dan profitabilitas para peternak plasma ayam broiler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis 1) Biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan pendapatan usaha peternakan ayam broiler; 2) Profitabilitas, feed conversion ratio (FCR), dan feed cost per gain (FC/G); serta 3) Perbandingan nilai pendapatan, profitabilitas, feed conversion ratio, dan feed cost per gain. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus. Penentuan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode sensus. Pengumpulan data terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder. Data dianalisis dengan uji F (serentak) dan One Way Anova menggunakan SPSS 16 for windows. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1). Pendapatan dinyatakan berbeda dikarenakan adanya perbedaan dari harga bibit, pakan, vitamin, obat, dan kimia (VOK), bonus prestasi, dan bonus harga pasar; 2). Profitabilitas dinyatakan menguntungkan kecuali PT. Mustika (4,50%) karena persentase profitabilitas di atas persentase suku bunga deposito Bank BRI sebesar 6,25%; 3). Para peternak plasma dari perusahaan inti PT. Mustika memiliki FCR tertinggi, yaitu 1,79, PT. Malindo memiliki FC/G tertinggi, yaitu 11.747,41, dan PT. Ganesa memiliki FCR dan FC/G yang terendah, 1,76 dan 11.431,94; dan 4). Hasil uji hipotesis menyatakan ada perbedaan antara pendapatan, profitabilitas, FCR, dan FC/G pada tingkat signifikansi α = 0,05 dan para peternak plasma dari PT. CIS mempunyai pendapatan yang paling baik serta PT. Ganesa mempunyai profitabilitas, FCR, dan FC/G yang paling baik.

Kata kunci : ayam broiler; biaya produksi; penerimaan; pendapatan; profitabilitas

ABSTRACT

The price difference of each company's core contract is expected to affect revenues and profitability of broiler breeders plasma. This study aims to identify and analyze 1) Production costs, revenues, and operating revenues broiler farm partnership; 2) Profitability, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed cost per gain (FC/G); and 3) Comparison of revenues, profitability, feed conversion ratio, and feed cost per gain. This research method was the case study method. Determination of the sample was performed using census method. The data collection consists of primary and secondary data. Data were analyzed with the test F (simultaneous) and One Way ANOVA using SPSS 16 for windows. The results showed that 1). Income expressed differently because of differences in the price of seed, feed, vitamins, drugs, and chemicals (VOK), performance bonuses, and bonus market price; 2) The profitability expressed profitable except PT. Mustika (4.50%) because percentage of profitability over the percentage of BRI deposit rate of 6.25 %; 3) Plasma farmers of the core companies of PT. Mustika has the highest FCR, PT. Malindo has FC/G high, and PT. Ganesha has the FCR and FC/G the lowest; and 4). The results of testing the hypothesis stating no difference between revenue, profitability, FCR, and FC/G at a significance level α = 0.05 and plasma farmers of PT. CIS has the most revenue as well as PT. Ganesha has profitability, FCR, and FC/G is best.

Key words : broiler’s; production costs; revenue; income; profitability